/raid1/www/Hosts/bankrupt/TCRLA_Public/200626.mbx        T R O U B L E D   C O M P A N Y   R E P O R T E R

                 L A T I N   A M E R I C A

          Friday, June 26, 2020, Vol. 21, No. 128

                           Headlines



C O L O M B I A

COLOMBIA: IDB OKs $850MM-Loan to Strengthen Productive Development


D O M I N I C A N   R E P U B L I C

DOMINICAN REPUBLIC: CONEP Wary of Pension Bill That Reimburses 30%
DOMINICAN REPUBLIC: Deputies Debate Key Bills on Pension and Budget
DOMINICAN REPUBLIC: Shuttered Hotels Still Pay High Light Bill


G U A T E M A L A

ENERGUATE TRUST: Moody's Affirms Ba2 CFR, Outlook Stable


J A M A I C A

DIGICEL GROUP: Clash Over Number Portability with TSTT


P E R U

BANCO INTERNACIONAL DEL PERU: S&P Rates New Subordinated Notes BB+


T R I N I D A D   A N D   T O B A G O

TRINIDAD PETROLEUM: S&P Affirms 'BB' ICR, Outlook Negative

                           - - - - -


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C O L O M B I A
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COLOMBIA: IDB OKs $850MM-Loan to Strengthen Productive Development
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Colombia is taking steps to strengthen its productive development
and fostering economic diversification and growth as well as social
inclusion with a $850 million loan approved by the Inter-American
Development Bank (IDB).

The project includes the adoption of public policies that promote
innovation, entrepreneurship and business productivity, all of
which are considered essential to help the country recuperate from
the impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic.

This is the first of two consecutive operations, technically
related to one another yet independently financed under the
Programmatic Policy-Based Loan modality.

This operation aims to provide recognition and support to
Colombia's successful efforts to strengthen the institutional
framework set up to design, coordinate and execute policies on
competitiveness and productive development as well as those related
to science, technology, innovation and entrepreneurship, with the
goal of ensuring a coordinated and efficient management of public
policies.

The project includes passage of legislation and its accompanying
regulatory decree to create and implement a National
Competitiveness and Innovation System (SNCI, after its Spanish
initials) to coordinate all systems, agencies and institutions
dealing with these areas. It also contemplates the establishment of
a Technical Sustainability Committee to enhance harmonization of
the operations carried out by the SNCI and the National
Environmental System, promoting coordinated growth, competitiveness
and environmental sustainability agendas. The program will help
consolidate the progress made with the creation of the Ministry of
Science, Technology and Innovation.

In addition, the project seeks to increase the availability of
instruments intended to improve business productivity as well as
innovation and entrepreneurial capabilities. To this end, it
endorses the creation and implementation of long-term policy
frameworks, including reforming quality and metrology systems,
promoting business formalization processes and technological
extension, reforming the system of tax incentives for research and
development, strengthening institutions that support the
development of the creative economy, and stimulating intensive
creativity sectors in digital technologies, among others.

The IDB loan of $850 million carries an interest rate based on
LIBOR.




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D O M I N I C A N   R E P U B L I C
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DOMINICAN REPUBLIC: CONEP Wary of Pension Bill That Reimburses 30%
------------------------------------------------------------------
Dominican Today reports that the Business National Council (CONEP)
warned of the "serious consequences" from the push to amend Law
87-01, that seeks to reimburse workers 30% of their pension fund.

The CONEP stressed that in the face of a health crisis of the
current dimensions, pension funds should not be used as emergency
funds, according to Dominican Today.

CONEP president Pedro Brache praised the call for reflection by the
Pension Fund Administrators Association (ADAFP), and supported its
proposal that the bill be submitted to analysis and dialogue with
the participation of workers, employers and the Government, the
report notes.

"Anticipating the more than $175 billion pesos (US$3.01 billion),
as established in the bill, would leave contributing workers in
precarious conditions at the time of retirement, while promoting an
increase in inflation, currency devaluation and drastic reduction
of the purchasing power of Dominicans, among other impacts, Brache
said in a statement, the report discloses.

"Far from alleviating the economic burden on workers, the
consequences of this measure would have a highly negative impact on
them and on the country's economy," he added.

                About Dominican Republic

The Dominican Republic is a Caribbean nation that shares the island
of Hispaniola with Haiti to the west. Capital city Santo Domingo
has Spanish landmarks like the Gothic Catedral Primada de America
dating back 5 centuries in its Zona Colonial district.

The Troubled Company Reporter-Latin America reported in April 2019
that the Dominican Today related that Juan Del Rosario of the UASD
Economic Faculty cited a current economic slowdown for the
Dominican Republic and cautioned that if the trend continues,
growth would reach only 4% by 2023. Mr. Del Rosario said that if
that happens, "we'll face difficulties in meeting international
commitments."

An ongoing concern in the Dominican Republic is the inability of
participants in the electricity sector to establish financial
viability for the system.

Standard & Poor's credit rating for Dominican Republic stands at
BB- with negative outlook (April 2020). Moody's credit rating for
Dominican Republic was last set at Ba3 with stable outlook (July
2017). Fitch's credit rating for Dominican Republic was last
reported at BB- with negative outlook (May 8, 2020).


DOMINICAN REPUBLIC: Deputies Debate Key Bills on Pension and Budget
-------------------------------------------------------------------
Dominican Today reports that the presidency of the Chamber of
Deputies called a session last June 18, and among the issues to be
debated figure the complementary budget and the bill that seeks
reimburse 30% of the money to the workers who are in the Pension
Fund (AFP).

The session will be held behind closed doors and only the deputies
and the necessary personnel will be present, as a preventive
measure and social distancing, according to Dominican Today.

The supplementary budget initiated by the Executive Power has
already been approved by the Senate, a chamber that declared it
urgent, in two consecutive sessions and unanimously passed, the
report adds.

                About Dominican Republic

The Dominican Republic is a Caribbean nation that shares the island
of Hispaniola with Haiti to the west. Capital city Santo Domingo
has Spanish landmarks like the Gothic Catedral Primada de America
dating back 5 centuries in its Zona Colonial district.

The Troubled Company Reporter-Latin America reported in April 2019
that the Dominican Today related that Juan Del Rosario of the UASD
Economic Faculty cited a current economic slowdown for the
Dominican Republic and cautioned that if the trend continues,
growth would reach only 4% by 2023. Mr. Del Rosario said that if
that happens, "we'll face difficulties in meeting international
commitments."

An ongoing concern in the Dominican Republic is the inability of
participants in the electricity sector to establish financial
viability for the system.

Standard & Poor's credit rating for Dominican Republic stands at
BB- with negative outlook (April 2020). Moody's credit rating for
Dominican Republic was last set at Ba3 with stable outlook (July
2017). Fitch's credit rating for Dominican Republic was last
reported at BB- with negative outlook (May 8, 2020).


DOMINICAN REPUBLIC: Shuttered Hotels Still Pay High Light Bill
--------------------------------------------------------------
Dominican Today reports that complaints about high turnover persist
in users of electrical energy, especially in sectors that remain
closed and in which they work in a limited way with reduced hours
and few staff.

Paola Rainieri, president of the Hotels and Tourism Association
(Asonahores) said that it is "abusive", in a crisis situation like
the one they are currently going through, to continue paying the
million-dollar cost that the light bill represents, according to
Dominican Today.
"The issue of charging power to hotels and restaurants that are
closed is delicate, because without being open they are paying very
high amounts of power," she said, the report relates.

Asonahores executive vice president, Andres Marranzini, said that a
50-room small-city hotel could be paying one or two million pesos
just for contracted power and this represents an unsustainable
burden for tourist complexes, the report discloses.

He said that in the face of that reality, the distributor Edenorte
decided to recalculate the charge for contracted power to alleviate
the burden on its customers, the report adds.

                About Dominican Republic

The Dominican Republic is a Caribbean nation that shares the island
of Hispaniola with Haiti to the west. Capital city Santo Domingo
has Spanish landmarks like the Gothic Catedral Primada de America
dating back 5 centuries in its Zona Colonial district.

The Troubled Company Reporter-Latin America reported in April 2019
that the Dominican Today related that Juan Del Rosario of the UASD
Economic Faculty cited a current economic slowdown for the
Dominican Republic and cautioned that if the trend continues,
growth would reach only 4% by 2023. Mr. Del Rosario said that if
that happens, "we'll face difficulties in meeting international
commitments."

An ongoing concern in the Dominican Republic is the inability of
participants in the electricity sector to establish financial
viability for the system.

Standard & Poor's credit rating for Dominican Republic stands at
BB- with negative outlook (April 2020). Moody's credit rating for
Dominican Republic was last set at Ba3 with stable outlook (July
2017). Fitch's credit rating for Dominican Republic was last
reported at BB- with negative outlook (May 8, 2020).




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G U A T E M A L A
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ENERGUATE TRUST: Moody's Affirms Ba2 CFR, Outlook Stable
--------------------------------------------------------
Moody's Investors Service affirmed Energuate Trust's Ba2 corporate
family rating and senior unsecured rating. Energuate's outlook is
stable.

Energuate's rating reflects the combined profile of the regulated
electric distribution utilities: Distribuidora de Electricidad de
Occidente, S.A. (DEOCSA) and Distribuidora de Electricidad de
Oriente, S.A. (DEORSA), trade name: Energuate. The 5.875% $330
million Trust Notes are structured as if they were senior unsecured
obligations of the two utilities. The utilities also jointly and
severally guarantee all the obligations due under the Notes.

RATINGS RATIONALE

"The affirmation of Energuate's Ba2 ratings follows Moody's
affirmation of the Government of Guatemala Ba1 rating with stable
outlook," said Nati Martel, VP-Senior Analyst. "We anticipate that
Energuate's financial metrics will remain adequate for the credit
despite the significant deterioration expected this year, due to
the economic disruptions caused by the coronavirus outbreak.
Specifically, we expect that the combined ratio of cash flow from
operations before changes in working capital (CFO-pre-W/C) to debt
will still exceed 10% at year-end 2020," added Martel.

This expectation factors in the increase in the utilities' combined
EBITDA in 2020 by around $6.5 million following the implementation,
in May 2020, of the final Value Added of Distribution (VAD) for the
2019-2024 period. However, EBITDA at year-end 2020 will be lower
than the $130 million EBITDA recorded last year. Energuate's credit
metrics and EBITDA will be negatively affected by the combination
of power demand contraction, anticipated deterioration in energy
losses, and higher uncollectable rates amid the suspension of
disconnection services for non-payment that will remain in place
through August. However, the rating action incorporates the
significant improvement in Energuate's credit metrics over the last
two years, including the combined ratio of CFO pre-W/C to debt of
nearly 17% at the end of last year. This improvement allows for a
cushion to help mitigate the financial impact of the coronavirus
outbreak.

Energuate's Ba2 rating is tempered by the limited predictability of
regulatory proceedings, as evidenced by the developments of the
last VAD-review processes. The volatility of credit supportiveness
in the Guatemalan regulatory environment requires Energuate to
record stronger credit metrics compared to peers.

The Ba2 rating and stable outlook also consider the debt incurrence
test embedded in Energuate's financial documentation, namely a
consolidated net debt to EBITDA of 4.0x as well as an interest
coverage ratio of 2.0x. The Ba2 rating and stable outlook
incorporate the utilities' liquidity profile that is enhanced by
access to $40 million committed credit facilities that are
scheduled to expire in 2022. During the first quarter 2020, the
utilities drew the full amounts available under their noncommitted
($30 million) and committed credit facilities. The guarantors still
hold this cash balance of around $70 million in banks located in
the US and Guatemala. The stable outlook considers the guarantors'
track-record of suspending dividend distributions to preserve
liquidity, which allows for some financial flexibility to cope with
the impact of economic disruptions. The stable outlook also
includes Energuate's limited exposure to foreign exchange risk and
low carbon transition risk.

Affirmations:

Issuer: Energuate Trust

Corporate Family Rating, Affirmed Ba2

Gtd Senior Unsecured Regular Bond/Debenture, Affirmed Ba2

Outlook Actions:

Issuer: Energuate Trust

Outlook, Remains Stable

ESG CONSIDERATIONS

The rapid spread of the coronavirus outbreak, severe global
economic shock, low oil prices and asset price volatility are
creating a severe and extensive credit shock across many sectors,
regions and markets. The combined credit effects of these
developments are unprecedented. Moody's regards the coronavirus
outbreak as a social risk under its ESG framework, given the
substantial implications for public health and safety. The
regulated framework supports the utilities credit quality. However,
a material reduction in customer demand, increasing delinquency
ratios and additional energy losses affect Energuate's financial
performance. Longer term, recessionary pressures may increase
regulatory resistance to rate increases, which could also
negatively impact credit metrics. Environmental considerations
incorporated into its credit analysis for Energuate are primarily
related to natural and man-made hazards, as the utilities are
distribution companies without carbon emitting generating assets.
Social risks are primarily related to health and safety, as well as
demographic and societal trends. Corporate governance
considerations include financial policy and risk management of its
ultimate owners. Since December 2017, Energuate is owned by funds
managed by I Squared Capital Advisors (US) LLC through the
intermediate holding company, Nautilus Distributions Holdings LLC.
In 2018, this intermediate holding company became a co-issuer of
Nautilus Inkia Holdings LLC's (Inkia) outstanding notes (Ba3
stable). Moody's notes that a strong financial position is an
important characteristic for managing environmental and social
risks amid the utility's elevated capital expenditure program.

FACTORS THAT COULD LEAD TO AN UPGRADE OR DOWNGRADE OF THE RATINGS

Factors that could lead to an upgrade of the ratings

Positive momentum on the rating is limited given the utilities'
size and challenges of their service territory; however, a material
improvement in key credit metrics could result in an upgrade;
Specifically, if the combined CFO pre-W/C to debt and combined
retained cash flow (RCF) to debt exceed 22% and 17%, respectively,
on a sustained basis.

Factors that could lead to a downgrade of the ratings

A downgrade could be triggered by a downgrade of the sovereign
rating and/or if Moody's perceives that the utilities' relationship
with the Guatemalan authority deteriorates and/or the credit
supportiveness of the regulatory framework deteriorates. For
example, negative rating pressure could follow a less credit
supportive tariff review outcome (October 2024) and/or inconsistent
application of regulatory mechanisms that is detrimental for the
utilities' credit quality. A downgrade is also likely if the
utilities' credit metrics are weaker than currently anticipated;
Specifically, if the utilities' combined CFO pre-W/C to debt and/or
interest coverage ratio fall below 10% and 3.0x, respectively, for
a sustained period of time.

The principal methodology used in these ratings was Regulated
Electric and Gas Utilities published in June 2017.




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J A M A I C A
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DIGICEL GROUP: Clash Over Number Portability with TSTT
------------------------------------------------------
Andrea Perez-Sobers at Trinidad Express reports that Digicel Group
Limited has sent rival mobile provider TSTT a strongly worded
letter calling on it to desist from refusing to operate number
portability or face legal action.

Digicel's letter was sent to TSTT's CEO Ronald Walcott and the
Telecommunications Authority of Trinidad and Tobago (TATT) acting
CEO, Cynthia Reddock-Downes, according to Trinidad Express.  The
letter alleges TSTT has been illegally blocking thousands of
customers wishing to transfer their mobile numbers to Digicel, the
report notes.

In the four-page letter, Digicel outlined a number of infringements
by TSTT as it relates to allowing customers to freely move with
their numbers between the competing networks, the report relates.
Digicel alleges this is an infringement under the
Telecommunications Act.

The letter further stated that if TSTT continues with the unlawful
actions, Digicel reserves the right to seek legal redress, the
report notes.

TATT said it is aware of an interruption in porting (transferring
numbers) between TSTT and Digicel which has resulted in some
disruption and inconvenience to customers, the report discloses.

"The Authority apologises for this interruption in service and is
working with both providers to resolve the issue," said the TATT
statement obtained by the news agency.

Several TSTT customers took to the Digicel's Facebook page to
express their dissatisfaction with being denied the possibility of
porting their numbers to the Irish-owned company, the report
notes.

One businessman, who preferred to remain anonymous, told Express he
tried to port his client's number over to Digicel and the process
which normally takes 24 hours is taking over a month to be
completed, the report discloses.

"I called TSTT about it and they told me it would take three days
and to date the transaction has not been completed," the
businessman said, the report relays.

Contacted for comment, TSTT said that while it acknowledges that
porting is a two-party process, which has been in existence since
2016, the majority State-owned company empathises with any
challenges Digicel may be experiencing with its network regarding
the port-in of customers, the report relays.

"We can confirm that from our end of this process, TSTT is
currently able to facilitate these transactions in either direction
and in full compliance with all technical protocols as mandated by
our regulator, the report notes.

"We wish our fellow operator the very best in its efforts to
resolve any technical difficulties it may be experiencing on its
end. We reiterate TSTT's commitment to working with Digicel to
validate all network-to-network protocols as Digicel attempts to
overcome its recently published challenges," the report notes.

In response to TSTT's comments, Digicel said its competitor has
rejected the requests of over 2,000 of its subscribers wishing to
port their numbers to the Digicel network, the report says.

Digicel's local CEO, Jabbor Kayumov, said: "Over the past year, we
have made significant investments to ensure that we have the best
and most reliable customer focused network right here in Trinidad &
Tobago. We are excited that these 2000 subscribers have made their
choice to switch network provider," the report discloses.

TSTT's reference to Digicel's challenges is thought to refer to the
comprehensive deleveraging process by Digicel that aims to reduce
its outstanding debt by about US$1.6 billion, to approximately
US$5.4 billion, the report adds.

                      About Digicel Group

Digicel Group is a mobile phone network provider operating in 33
markets across the Caribbean, Central America, and Oceania regions.
The company is owned by the Irish billionaire Denis O'Brien, is
incorporated in Bermuda, and based in Jamaica.

As reported in the Troubled Company Reporter-Latin America April
17, 2020, Moody's Investors Service downgraded Digicel Group
Limited's probability of default rating to Caa3-PD from Caa2-PD. At
the same time, Moody's downgraded the senior secured rating of
Digicel International Finance Limited to Caa1 from B3. All other
ratings within the group remain unchanged. The outlook is
negative.

On April 10, 2020, the TCR-LA reported that Fitch Ratings
downgraded Digicel Limited to 'C' from 'CCC', and its outstanding
debt instruments, including the 2021 and 2023 notes to 'C'/'RR4'
from 'CCC'/'RR4'. Fitch has also downgraded Digicel International
Finance Limited to 'CCC+' from 'B-'/Negative, and its outstanding
debt instruments, including the 2024 notes and the 2025 credit
facility, to 'CCC+'/'RR4' from 'B-'/'RR4'. Fitch has removed the
Negative Rating Outlook from DIFL.




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P E R U
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BANCO INTERNACIONAL DEL PERU: S&P Rates New Subordinated Notes BB+
------------------------------------------------------------------
S&P Global Ratings assigned its 'BB+' issue-level rating to Banco
Internacional del Peru - Interbank's (Interbank; BBB/Stable/--)
proposed issuance of subordinated 10 year non call five (10NC5)
notes for up to $300 million, subject to market conditions.

The rating on the notes is one notch below the bank's stand-alone
credit profile (SACP) of 'bbb-', reflecting contractual
subordination. The rating also incorporates that the notes are
non-deferrable and don't have a mandatory contingent capital
clause. In addition, S&P assigns minimal equity content because
these notes--considered as Tier II by the Peruvian regulator--don't
have characteristics of going-concern contingent capital.

The rating on Interbank reflects its good competitive position in
the Peruvian financial system, with widespread brand recognition as
a major consumer lender provider in the country, and diversified
operations among sectors, segments, and clients, all of which
support solid customer and revenue growth. The rating also
incorporates its improving capitalization levels (which benefited
from the sale of its parent's Intercorp Financial Services equity
stake), consistently strong profitability throughout the credit
cycle, and its asset quality metrics that are in line with the
system average despite its focus on the retail segment. Moreover,
its favorable access to a large retail client base supports its
stable funding structure with a high amount of deposits and
adequate liquidity to cover short-term wholesale needs. Because of
these factors, Interbank's SACP is 'bbb-'. The 'BBB' ratings on the
bank incorporate a one-notch adjustment for potential extraordinary
support from the government, given the high systemic importance of
Interbank to the Peruvian financial system.

The COVID-19 pandemic is causing a significant economic contraction
in Peru this year given the prolonged lockdown measures. The
regulatory authorities have proactively taken several actions to
mitigate the harmful effects on the economy and credit flow, ensure
adequate liquidity and solvency of the financial system, and
maintain a moderate fluctuation of the currency. S&P will closely
monitors the evolution of the impact on Interbank's asset quality,
credit losses, and funding costs.

  Ratings List

  New Rating

  Banco Internacional del Peru S.A.A - Interbank
   Subordinated       BB+




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T R I N I D A D   A N D   T O B A G O
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TRINIDAD PETROLEUM: S&P Affirms 'BB' ICR, Outlook Negative
----------------------------------------------------------
S&P Global Ratings, on June 23, 2020, affirmed its 'BB' issuer
credit rating on Trinidad and Tobago-based oil and gas producer
Trinidad Petroleum Holdings Ltd. (TPH; formerly Petrotrin) and the
'BB' issue-level rating on its 9.75% senior secured notes due
2026.

S&P said, "At the same time, we lowered our issue-level rating to
'BB-' from 'BB' on its 6.00% senior unsecured senior notes due
2022, given higher subordination risk. We also removed ratings from
CreditWatch with negative implications, where we placed them on
March 27, 2020.

"Given our expectations of a drop of about 10% in production for
the second half of 2020, along with net realized prices falling to
about $22.1 per barrel, we now assume about 37% lower revenue and
33% less EBITDA than our previous expectations for the company for
2020. These revised base-case assumptions take into account the
company's stable operating performance during the first half of
fiscal 2020. Between September and March, TPH maintained net
realized prices close to $53.8 per barrel and production of 53
million mboepd. Moreover, the company's sales sharply dropped
during May and will most likely continue through June, and
possibly, July 2020.

"We believe the company will gradually recover its EBITDA, given
our expectations of a potential recovery in crude oil prices
throughout 2021. However, we still believe TPH will remain highly
leveraged with adjusted debt EBITDA above 5x, funds from operations
(FFO) to debt below 12%, and free operating cash flow (FOCF) to
debt below 5%.

"For fiscal-end 2020 (ending September), we estimate total debt of
T$11.0 billion, 37% of which are senior secured term loans--due
2022 and 2026--and 9.75% senior secured notes due 2026 (35%). The
remaining of total debt includes Petrotrin's secured short-term
debt (25%) and its senior unsecured notes due 2022 (3%).

"As of March 31, 2020, we estimate Petrotrin's short-term debt
maturities of T$3 billion. We expect the company to service these
obligations for the next 12 months or so, likely through the
proceeds from Petrotrin's asset sales. As of this report's date, we
don't envision any debt repayment risk given TPH's long-term
relationship with domestic banks. However, in the event of a forced
debt collection, liquidity pressure on TPH could rise, and we will
most likely lower our ratings on the company.

"Following TPH's debt refinancing, we estimate that about 96% of
total debt is secured. We rate TPH's secured debt at 'BB', in line
with the issuer credit rating. However, given that the secured
ratio is above the limit of 50% of total debt, we apply a
subordination adjustment of one-notch downward on the issue-level
rating for the company's unsecured debt obligations, with a rating
of 'BB-'.

"Given the company's contracting strategy amid a pressured economy,
we expect lifting costs to fall in the next 12 months, mostly from
waivers on government takes and by pausing operations in
unprofitable wells for the remainder of the year. We expect this to
enable TPH withstand currently low crude oil prices and preserve
its liquidity position. Our projected scenario for the company
assumes the potential recovery in oil prices in order to increase
profitability and benefit from higher operating cash generation.
Moreover, we now envision 45%-49% lower capex at about T$400
million in 2020, compared with our previous assumptions, because we
believe the company will suspend all growth investments until
further recovery of crude oil prices."

In the event of a prolonged period of fragile economic conditions,
TPH's liquidity position could weaken, mainly due to lower cash
available for capex and even less for growth prospects. This could
also erode the company's potential operating recovery, leading to a
downgrade.

S&P's ratings on TPH continue to reflect our opinion that there's a
very high likelihood that its owner, Trinidad and Tobago (T&T;
BBB-/Stable/A-3) would provide timely and sufficient extraordinary
support to the company in the event of financial distress. This
stems the company's very important role in T&T's energy and
infrastructure policy because TPH is the sole distributor of
refined oil products. This supports a four-notch uplift to TPH's
stand-alone credit profile, which it continues to assess at 'b-'.



                           *********


S U B S C R I P T I O N   I N F O R M A T I O N

Troubled Company Reporter-Latin America is a daily newsletter
co-published by Bankruptcy Creditors' Service, Inc., Fairless
Hills, Pennsylvania, USA, and Beard Group, Inc., Washington, D.C.,
USA, Marites O. Claro, Joy A. Agravante, Rousel Elaine T.
Fernandez, Julie Anne L. Toledo, Ivy B. Magdadaro, and Peter A.
Chapman, Editors.

Copyright 2020.  All rights reserved.  ISSN 1529-2746.

This material is copyrighted and any commercial use, resale or
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Information contained herein is obtained from sources believed to
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of the same firm for the term of the initial subscription or
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.


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